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Glossary
Appendixes
Glossary
A/B roll editing
An editing method that uses two or
more playback VCRs to create
special effects such as dissolve and
wipe, and uses one record VCR to
record the results of the editing.
Using an editing control unit allows
efficient control of the VCRs and
very precise editing.
AES/EBU format
A unified format for digital audio
signals. It allows a single connector
to carry the signals for two channels.
B
–Y signal
A chrominance signal determined by
subtracting the Y (luminance) signal
from the B (blue) signal. One of the
component signals.
Capstan
A drive mechanism that moves the
tape at a specified speed. Its rotation
normally synchronizes with a
reference sync signal.
Chrominance signal
Color signal containing color
information such as hue and
saturation. Also called C signal.
Component signals (YRB)
A video signal consisting of a
luminance signal (Y) and two
chrominance signals (R−Y, B−Y).
Composite signal
A composite video signal containing
video, burst and sync signals.
Condensation
Condensation of moisture on the tape
transport mechanisms of VCRs
including the head drum. If moisture
condenses on the head drum, the tape
adheres to the drum and causes
malfunction.
Drop frame mode
Time code runs at 30 frames/sec. The
NTSC system, however, runs at
about 29.97 frames/sec. Drop frame
mode adjusts this difference. The
time code and video are synchronized
by dropping the first two frames of
the time code every minute, except at
the ten-minute marks.
EE mode
EE is an abbreviation of “Electric to
Electric”. Video and audio signals are
supplied to the VCR’s internal
circuits, but not to the recording
heads.
Head drum
A metal cylinder to which a video
head is attached. This drum is rotated
at high speeds in synchronization
with the sync signal during recording
and playback.
Linear editing
Editing while playing back video and
audio signals recorded on video tape.
See also “Non-linear editing.”
Loading
When being loaded, the tape is pulled
out of the cassette case and threaded
along the specified tape path and
wrapped round the drum to be ready
for recording or playback. Generally,
this is done automatically when you
place the cassette at the cassette
entrance of the VCR. Also called
threading.
Loop-through connection
A connection which allows a signal
input to an input connector to pass
through the unit and exit from an
output connector as input to external
equipment. Also called bridging
connection.
Luminance signal
The signal that determines the
brightness of the picture. Also called
Y signal. One of the component
signals.
Non-drop frame mode
The number of frames of the time
code and video run is not adjusted.
When you use the time code in non-
drop frame mode, the real playback
time will be about 86 seconds shorter
per day than the time code. If you edit
frame by frame or if you determine
the length of a shot by counting the
time code, use drop frame mode.
Non-linear editing
Editing while playing back video and
audio signals recorded on hard disks.
Video scenes stored on disk can be
cued up quickly, for increased editing
efficiency. See also “Linear
editing.”
PCM audio
This is an audio signal represented by
pulse code modulation. The analog
audio signal is first broken down into
a sequence of pulses, and these are
then represented digitally.
Preroll
Running of a video tape to a prior to
an edit-start point to enable the tape
to reach a steady speed and to be
synchronized with other video tapes.
R
–Y signal
A chrominance signal determined by
subtracting the Y (luminance) signal
from the R (red) signal. One of the
component signals.
Reference video signal
A video signal consisting of a sync
signal or sync and burst signals, used
as a reference.
Setup (for DSR-1500A)
The difference between the reference
black level and the blanking level of
a composite signal.
SMPTE
Abbreviation of Society of Motion
Picture and Television Engineers, a
professional association established
in the USA.