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20. Glossary of terms
20. Glossary of terms
59
20. Glossary of terms
AC3
Dolby Digital, sound system
AGC
Automatic Gain Control. . This always provides the best picture quality. It
does not, however, guarantee a perfect picture, as the AGC is dependent on
the input signal. The poorer the input signal, the less the AGC can manage.
Analog
An ordinary signal transmission procedure, where the fluctuations of the
signal exactly correspond to the sound and picture waveforms of the source.
Aspect ratio
Ratio of lengths of picture sides, e.g. 4:3 or 16:9
Bouquets
A bouquet is (like a bouquet of flowers) a package of programmes from a
single Pay-TV provider.
CA
Conditional Access. Control the user´s access to services and programmes
which are encrypted for copyright or commercial reasons.
CI
Common Interface - Conditional Access Module. The basic idea of the
Common Interface (CI) is as follows. There is a uniform, standard interface for
the many television and radio programmes, Internet and software products
for which charges are levied.. To enable you to receive encrypted program-
mes with the satellite receivers Irdeto, Cryptoworks, Conax, Nagravision,
Viaccess, this is equipped for the age of Common Interface. Of course, all
Common Interface options are available to you with the multi-access modules
for the sat-receivers with CI. Pay-TV programmes are normally encrypted; the
screen is black, and there is no sound. After the subscription fees or a one-
time charge for the smartcard have been paid, the associated TV offerings
can be seen decrypted. The CI-CA module compares the code in the box
with the one broadcast. If they match, the relevant programmes are decryp-
ted and thus become visible. There are CI-CA modules for different encryp-
tion systems (Cryptoworks, Conax, Nagravision, Viaccess and soon also from
Irdeto). In order to watch Pay-TV programmes, as well as the CI-CA modules,
you need a Sat-Receiver with Common Interface, a multi-access module with
a CI slot and the corresponding smartcard from the programme supplier.
Coding systems
see Encryption systems.