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20. Glossary of terms
20. Glossary of terms
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MPEG2
Data reduction method for picture and sound. In contrast to the analog
method (where 25 full pictures with all information are transmitted per
second) the MPEG method only takes account of the actual changes in the
picture.
NVoD
Near Video on Demand. The same film is transmitted on different channels at
certain time intervals, such as quarter hour, half hour or hour.
OSD
On Screen Display. When operating the receiver, the functions are displayed
as an on-screen menu, blended into the television picture. The OSD of most
satellite receivers offers various languages for its on-screen menu.
PCMCIA
Abbreviation for Personal Computer Memory Card International Association,
a standard.
PCR
Program Clock Reference, a time marker is set at least every 100 milliseconds
for each signal transported in the transport stream, in order to synchronise
the system time of the decoder.
PID
Packet Identification. This means that individual packages received in the
transport stream muct be identified. The identificatoin is a four-digit code,
separated by audio and video. Thus, for example, over-writing of SCPS
signals is prevented.
PPV
Pay per view. This allows subscribers to a bouquet to book individual films or
other transmissions.
QPSK / QAM
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying is a modulation method for digital television
programmes received via satellite. In cable networks, different demands are
placed on the transmission of digital signals. A different modulation process
is therefore required, “Quadrature Amplitude Modulation” (QAM). Since a
set-top box can only command one of the two procedures, it is necessary to
know the route by which digital television programmes are to be received.