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XV-NA7SL/LET0212-004A/English
Appendix B: Glossary
Aspect ratio
A ratio which defines the shape of the rectangular
picture in a TV. It is the width of the picture relative to
the height. A conventional TV picture is 4:3 in aspect
ratio.
Bitstream
The digital form of multichannel audio data (e.g., 5.1-
channel) before it is decoded into its various channels.
Channel, CH
Stereo or multichannel audio consists of "channel"
signals. "Stereo" audio consists of left and right
channels, while 5.1-channel Dolby Digital consists of
six channels (front left, front right, rear left, rear right,
center and LFE (Low-Frequency Effect channel), for use
with a sub-woofer).
Chapter
The smallest division on DVD VIDEO. It is a division of
a title and similar to a track for Audio CD or Video CD.
Component video
Video signals with three channels of separate
information that makes up the picture. There are some
types of component video, such as R/G/B and Y/C
B(PR)/
C
R(PR).
Composite video
A single video signal commonly used in most
consumer video products that contains all luminance,
color, and synchronization information.
Dolby Digital (AC3)
A six-channel system consisting of left, center, right,
left rear, right rear and LFE (Low-Frequency Effect
channel, for use with a sub-woofer) channels. All
processing is done in the digital domain.
Not all Dolby Digital discs contain six (5.1) channels of
information.
Dolby Surround/Dolby Pro Logic/Dolby Pro Logic II
Dolby Surround is a five-channel system consisting of
left, center, right and left rear, right rear channels. All
processing is done in the digital domain.
Dolby Pro Logic is a four-channel system consisting of
left, center, right and rear channels. The single rear
channel is usually played through two speakers.
Dolby Pro Logic II is an advanced matrix decoder that
derives five-channel surround (Left, Center, Right, Left
Surround, and Right Surround) from any stereo
program material, whether or not it has been
specifically Dolby Surround encoded.
Down - mix
Internal stereo mix of multichannel surround audio by
a DVD player. The down - mix signals are output from
stereo output connectors.
DTS
A Digital Surround audio encoding format configured
with six (5.1) channels, similar to Dolby Digital. It
requires a decoder, either in the player or in an
external receiver. DTS stands for Digital Theater
Systems.
Not all DTS discs contain six (5.1) channels of
information.
Dynamic range
The difference between the loudest and softest
sounds.
Dynamic range compression
The dynamic range compression (DRC) reduces the
dynamic range so that you can turn down the volume
to avoid disturbing others yet still hear the detail of
quiet passages.
Extension
Several letters at the end of a file name. File name
extensions usually follow a period and indicate the
type of information stored in the file.
Finalize
When conducting multisession recording, this means
the closing of a session (fixing) by indicating the
halting of writing so as to prevent the addition of any
more sessions.
Fs
See "Sampling frequency."
Group
The largest division on DVD AUDIO.
ID3 tag
A tag embedded in an MP3 file indicating what song,
artist, and album it comes from. You can edit these
tags.
Interlacced scanning
In a conventional video system, a picture is shown on
the display monitor in between lines of two halves.
The Interlacced scanning system places lines of the
second half of the picture in-between lines of the first
half of the picture.
ISO 9660 Format
The most common international standard for the
logical format of files and directories on a CD-ROM.
JPEG
A popular file format for still image compression and
storage.
JPEG stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group.
There are three sub-types of the JPEG format as
follows.
• baseline JPEG: used for digital cameras, the
web, etc.
• progressive JPEG: used for the web
• lossless JPEG: an old type, rarely used now
Letter box
A type of video display for normal (4:3) TV screens.
Black bars are shown at the top and bottom of the
image to allow playing of a wide-screen (16:9) movie
without cutting off any of the image.
Linear PCM audio
PCM stands for "pulse code modulation." Linear PCM
is the usual method for digitally encoding audio
without compression, and is used for the audio tracks
on DVD VIDEO discs, Audio CDs, etc.
Menu
Most DVD AUDIO, DVD VIDEO or SVCD/Video CD discs
provide a menu, through which users can select
desired material, conditions, etc.
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