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Glossary
GLOSSARY
2:2 pull-down
The process of transferring 24-frames/sec film format into video by repeating each frame (used for PAL DVD’s) as two video fields.
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3:2 pull-down
Method used to map the 24 fps of film onto the 30 fps (60 fields) or 25 fps (50 fields), so that one film frame occupies three video
fields, the next two, etc. It means the two fields of every other video frame come from different film frames making operations
such as rotoscoping impossible, and requiring care in editing. Some sophisticated equipment can unravel the 3:2 sequence to
allow frame-by-frame treatment and subsequently re-compose 3:2. The 3:2 sequence repeats every five video frames and four film
frames, the latter identified as A-D. Only film frame A is fully on a video frame and so exists at one time code only, making it the
editable point of the video sequence.
ANSI
American National Standards Institute
ANSI 73.11
American power plug to connect the power cord to the wall outlet.
Artefacts
Undesirable elements or defects in a video picture. These may occur naturally in the video process and must be eliminated in
order to achieve a high-quality picture. Most common in analog are cross color and cross luminance. Most common in digital are
macroblocks, which resemble pixelation of the video image.
Aspect ratio
horizontal & vertical dimension in which the window will be displayed, e.g. 4 by 3 or 16 by 9.
CEE7
European power plug to connect the power cord to the wall outlet.
Chrominance
The color component of a video signal that includes information about tint and saturation.
Color Space
The color range between specified references. Typically references are quoted in television: RGB, Y, R-Y, B-Y, YIQ, YUV and Hue
Saturation and Luminance (HSL). In print, Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black (CMYK) are used. Moving pictures between these is
possible but requires careful attention to the accuracy of processing involved. Operating across the media--print, film and TV, as
well as between computers and TV equipment--will require conversions in color space.
Color temperature
Color temperature is measured in degrees Kelvin. If a TV has a color temperature of 8,000 degrees Kelvin, that means the whites
have the same shade as a piece of pure carbon heated to that temperature. Low color temperatures have a shift towards red; high
color temperatures have a shift towards blue.
Component video
A video system containing three separate color component signals, either red/green/blue (RGB) or chroma/color difference (YCbCr,
YPbPr, YUV), in analog or digital form.
Component Video
In Component Video the term component describes a number of elements that are needed to make up the video picture, these
components are PR/Y/PB. A composite video signal on the other hand contains all the information needed for the color picture in a
single channel of information
Composite Video
Luminance and chrominance are combined along with the timing reference "sync" information using one of the coding standards--
NTSC, PAL or SECAM--to make composite video. Most televisions and VCRs have composite video connectors, which are usually
colored yellow.
R5976763 CINEVERSUM 60/70 22042004
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